Water Damage Prevention

Damage from water is one of the leading causes of property damage in Canada. While water damage is not entirely avoidable, taking preventative measures can substantially lower the risk to your home. Many of these measures are relatively inexpensive and can be done as part of the routine maintenance of your home.

Roofs

• Your roof should be in good repair: shingles should be flat, not curling; missing shingles should be replaced and holes repaired; and roofs over 20 years of age should be inspected by a qualified professional.
• Eavestroughs and downspouts should be cleared of leaves and other debris at least once a year.
• Water can penetrate under shingles and into your home as a result of ice build up on the roof. This can be prevented by ensuring that attics and overhangs are adequately insulated and ventilated. If necessary, hire a qualified professional to clear your roof of ice and snow.

Water Heaters

• As they age, water heaters have a tendency to leak. Water heaters over 7 years of age should be inspected and flushed annually to see if replacement is necessary. Watch for leaks and get repair work done as needed.

Basements and Sewer Backup

There are a number of precautions that can be taken to prevent or reduce damage caused by water in your basement:

• Professionally install a sump pump with a battery or generator backup.
• Backwater valves can help prevent sewer backup and should  be professionally installed where permitted (consult your local by-laws for more information).
• Keep basement drains clear of obstructions.
• Store items away from walls and off the floors; sealed plastic containers are best. Valuables or irreplaceable sentimental items should not be stored in the basement.
• If you live in a neighbourhood with mature trees, consistent follow-up is required to make sure sewer lines are clear of tree roots. If this is a problem in your area, contact a qualified professional to inspect and remove them regularly. 
• If you are on a septic system, slow drains are a sign of impending problems and a professional should be contacted to correct any issues. Your septic system should be serviced regularly by a qualified professional.

Foundations

• Landscaping should be sloped away from the house so that water drains away from the structure.
• Downspouts should be extended 10-15 feet beyond the home, and not into another dwelling or directly into the sewer system.
• Walk around your house and/or unfinished basement and inspect the foundation for cracks and deterioration.  Consult a qualified professional to repair any cracks or weak spots that are found. 
• Check to ensure that window wells and doors are properly sealed. If not, you should replace the caulking seal and/or weather stripping, and/or purchase a window well cover.   

Taps, Hoses and Pipes

• Regularly inspect all seals and hoses around appliances and bathroom and kitchen fixtures for wear, and replace as necessary.  Leaks are telltale signs of problems. 
• Steel braided/reinforced hoses have a much longer lifespan (15 years) than rubber hoses (5 years). Steel hoses are strongly recommended.
• Check for rust or corrosion on all pipes. If present, get a qualified professional to inspect and replace the pipes as necessary.
• Leave heat on in the winter to prevent pipes from freezing.  In unheated areas of the home, such as the garage, shut off the water and allow pipes to drain. 
• All outdoor hose taps should be turned off during the winter months, or if the house is vacant. 

While You Are Away

• Shut off the water to all appliances when going on vacation or leaving home for an extended period of time.
• Pipes should be drained and the home checked daily to ensure there are no leaks and that heating is working properly.
• Know where your water shut off valve is and how to use it in case of an emergency.

Click here for your own printable Water Damage Prevention Checklist.